Industrial smelting furnace strengthen technology

Industrial furnace is an integral part of the production of special steel smelting equipment. More intense competition in the industry, about 45 minutes or so the conventional converter steel, the use of industrial furnace about 70 minutes, therefore, how to further reduce the electric arc furnace smelting time, reduce consumption, and thus significantly reduce costs, a number of special steel enterprises development of the internal needs. Commonly used to strengthen the industrial furnace smelting technology is:
Industrial furnace against the hot metal technology:
Hot molten iron with a certain amount of physical heat, and contain elements of high carbon, silicon, manganese and high calorific value, Oxygen oxidation can release large amounts of chemical heat to scrap quickly become red hot, very easy to use oxygen cutting, and therefore can make use of against the hot metal, shorten the refining time and improve the efficiency of smelting.
Add Method: industrial furnace against the hot metal roof by first raising the first material is about 50% of the total material weight, and powered Chuanjing to about 8 minutes, power outages and unscrew the lid, lifting equipment that contains molten iron ladle being lifted to the top of the roof, aligned electrode Chuanjing hole parts molten iron poured from the roof furnace for about 3 minutes, then cover the lid is powered smelting.
RCB gun injection technology:
RCB gun has a strong ability to decarbonization, hot metal charging technology guarantee. The RCB gun is usually installed in the electric arc furnace furnace wall. Gun lance oxygen jet at supersonic speeds and keep the long form of cluster injected into the bath, with a strong ability to penetrate intense metallurgical reactions occur, decarbonization speed, and stir the bath, conducive to the temperature of the molten steel, the chemical composition is uniform. To ensure that the the RCB gun blowing oxygen utilization and oxygen penetration capability and high decarburization rate, it is necessary to ensure sufficient oxygen pressure, the Acute excessive decarburization reaction, destroy interested lining refractories, water-cooled furnace wall . Usually the control pressure 1.2Mpa, the decarburization rate of 0.06-0.08% C / min.
3, efficient foaming slag technology:
Foamy slag process is high impedance UHP best choice, good foamy slag can expand the metallurgical reaction interface, and it helps the migration of the reaction product; while being able to achieve a good submerged arc operation, the arc thermal efficiency greatly improved.
The RCB spray gun into oxygen and molten bath of carbon oxidation reaction occurs to produce a large amount of CO gas in a short period of time up to the formation of foaming slag conditions. As the oxidation of carbon in the molten bath, the bath carbon content decreases, the need for timely toner blown into the furnace, in order to maintain the slag foaming, on the other hand, can also reduce the iron oxide content in the slag, to improve metal the closing rate. As the reaction proceeded, the basicity of the slag is reduced, foamed slag becomes unstable, required in the smelting process should be timely portionwise addition of lime in order to improve the slag basicity.

The role of the vacuum sintering furnace and Handling Precautions

A vacuum sintering furnace Description:
Vacuum sintering furnace is both oil-cooled and pressurized air-cooled efficacy of dual-chamber horizontal vacuum heat treatment equipment.
Second, the vacuum sintering furnace:
Suitable for powder metallurgy sintering, small high-speed steel, high alloy steel, tool and die, fine bearings, oil pump and nozzle coupled parts, hydraulic parts, gas turbine and gas turbine blades and other fine machine parts oil quenching gas quenching, annealing, brazing and other vacuum heat treatment process.
Second, the vacuum sintering furnace Handling Precautions:
(1) The operator should be familiar with the operating procedures and understand the principle of the instrument construction, equipment operation, the operator may not be separated.
2 charge to pay attention to prevent the fall out of the workpiece to prevent smashed heating element.
3 heating power before the first vacuum to 6.6pa.

Resistance furnace repairs Precautions

Zhuanfeng:
1. Furnace wall longitudinal cracks between the blocks to stagger 1/3 to 1/2 brick length, does not allow vertical broken gap;
2. Each furnace wall 1m long must stay 5 ~ 6mm expansion joints at all levels staggered arrangement. After a covered brick expansion joints;
3. Roof cracks between the blocks is not greater than 1.5mm, and the bottom of the furnace wall brick joint is not more than 2mm, non-heating zone Zhuanfeng 4 ~ 5mm, brick brick furnace shell sewn 8 ~ 10mm.
Vault:
1. Premade circular wooden mold masonry, brick and standards by the wedge-shaped bricks with masonry;
2. Brick does not allow the lack of corners, brick arch foot slope must coincide with vaulted brick wedges;
3. Not allowed to have loose bricks, vaulted expansion joints should remain in the side wall junction, per meter 5 ~ 6mm.
Bottom:
1. Thermal insulation brick oven underlay flower format, fill vermiculite intermediate lattice;
2. Paving bottom seam must be wrong, a double metal underlay allow staggered.
Mortar:
1.1000oC above high temperature furnace clinker (0.9mm) mass fraction of 70%, raw material (0.9mm) mass fraction of 30%, plus the amount of sodium silicate and water
2.1000oC less in temperature, low temperature furnace clinker (0.9mm) mass fraction of 60%, the raw material mass fraction of 40%, plus the amount of water.
Heating elements:
1. Replacement heating element material, size, shape, heating elements should be the same as the original;
2. Greater than 1000oC welding high temperature furnace, the temperature DC arc furnace, furnace temperature acetylene - oxygen welding (neutral flame)
3. Nickel-chromium alloy with oxyacetylene welding (neutral flame);
4. Electrode selection R407 or R507. Oxyacetylene welding wire used to do the same electric wire;
5. After 600 ~ 700oC before welding preheat. After welding is best to stress at 600 ~ 700oC.

Continuous furnace

Continuous furnace Products:
Continuous furnace for rolling or forging shop small and medium-sized billet or ingot heating equipment. In the metallurgical industry furnace used to refer to the metal is heated to be rolled into the forging temperature industrial furnaces, continuous furnace and chamber furnace. Metal heat treatment furnace otherwise known as heat treatment furnace. Blooming before heating the ingot or ingot uniform internal temperature of the furnace known as the soaking furnace. Broadly speaking, the furnace also includes the soaking furnace and the heat treatment furnace.
The continuous furnace structural features:
A continuous furnace by the furnace, the combustion chamber of the furnace, the discharge port, flue and laminated material Pusher body into furnace furnace by heating section, the preheating section and the furnace last expansion section, wherein: order of the furnace the furnace heating section and a continuous furnace
Features on the preheating section 2, respectively, under the vertical movement of the front the choke wall 8 and a rear choke wall 7 b, said furnace heating furnace width of the segment 1 Great intervention the width of the hot section 2, c expansion at the end of the heating furnace furnace furnace segment length of the heating section and the warm-up less than 8.5% of the total length of the segment, the end of the furnace expansion section 3 aspect ratio 1:3-1: 5.

Crucible purposes and methods of use

The crucible is very refractory material (such as clay, graphite, clay or difficult molten metal) of the vessel by the system or melting pot.
Crucible used for:
(1) evaporation of the solution, concentration or crystallization
(2) burning solid matter
Caution:
(1) Both instruments can be directly heated, the heating can not be quenched, remove the crucible tongs
(2) when heated in a crucible mud tripod
(3) evaporation to dryness while stirring nearly evaporated with heat
Gripping hair, thin spines and other small things apparatus, generally made ​​of metal, known as "forceps."
Crucible use:
A ceramic crucible is a deep bottom bowl containers. To fire when there is solid when heated, you must use a crucible. Because it is better able to withstand high temperatures than the glassware. Crucible crucible used will usually be placed diagonally on the crucible lid to prevent heat things jump out and let air out privileges for possible oxidation. Because the bottom of the crucible is very small, generally need to stand in the mud on the triangle to directly heated by fire. Crucible on the triangle in the mud with a positive place or diagonal can be, depending on the experimental requirements can be self-placement. After intense heat crucible can not immediately be placed on a cold metal table to avoid it because suddenly cold and rupture. Neither shall immediately placed in wooden desktop in order to avoid scorch your desktop or cause a fire. The correct approach for the indwelling natural cooling in the mud on a tripod or placed on the Internet so that it slowly asbestos heart was. Please read access to the crucible crucible tongs.

Large car-type gas furnace

Large car-type gas furnace process:
Forging car-type gas furnace is an intermittent change the oven temperature heating equipment, heating front car loading furnace heating elements need to be placed on a dedicated horn, car travel to the heating furnace, heating the ingot initial forging temperature (maximum material temperature 1250 ° C) to forging trolley walking from the furnace to the outside of the furnace to the workpiece baked, fast forging unit and hydraulic unit for forging, forging ingot temperature to a minimum 750 ° C, said For the final forging temperature. Forgings not reached the final dimensions need to be re-heated, multiple reheating need for large forgings, forging process. Usually for small and medium-sized steel ingot furnace chamber heated to room temperature ingot initial forging temperature baked forging, trolley type furnace heating, and then forged. A bogie hearth furnace for large steel ingot. Forged forgings after forging by the trolley-type annealing furnace annealing (maximum material temperature of 950 ° C) to complete the process of forging heating the whole process known as heat treatment. (Of course, car-type heat treatment furnace also wide range suitable for mechanical parts machining after the final heat treatment, for example: quenching and tempering, normalizing, quenching process, the mostly electric heating.)
Large car-type gas furnace uses:
Large car-type gas furnace for forging products of slow cooling and annealing. Meet the curve of heat treatment process requirements, with controlled cooling function.
Large car-type gas furnace furnace development:
With the rapid development of China's equipment manufacturing industry, the equipment for expansion is very fast, the specialty steel industry and heavy machinery industry forging machines, whether single capacity or gross tonnage is accelerating increments, press ability to greatly improve the forging necessary chamber furnace, trolley type furnace and car-type heat treatment furnace market capacity and technical level is a major opportunity. Continuously push forward the national energy conservation policy in recent years, the energy consumption of the heating furnace for forging a higher demand, corresponding to adapt to the new energy-saving insulation materials are also widely used, and with the level of control and control components continuous improvement of quality control software and hardware mature control technology has been improving combustion system, plus a reasonable burner Selection and distribution design, modern gas-fired bogie hearth furnace to achieve a qualitative leap.

Electric equipment basic techniques to measure, control and record

A thermocouple:
Resistance furnace thermocouples shall be chosen to meet their requirements, its sub-national standards should be consistent with the corresponding provisions of the thermocouple protection tube should have the right to prevent the furnace thermocouple wire by the impact of media. Unless otherwise specified or required, industrial resistance furnace thermocouple wire length should not be less than 7.5m.
Thermocouple wire thermocouple material should be the same as, or use the thermoelectric properties of thermocouple wire the same compensation wires.
2 Temperature instrument is equipped with:
Resistance furnace temperature control area should be equipped with every indication, control, and if necessary, record the temperature of the furnace temperature meter. Temperature should be marked on the meter has been equipped with a thermocouple indexing. Except for minor adjustments, thermocouple or compensating lead wire length should not affect the accuracy of the instrument.
3 Temperature instrument types and their accuracy:
According to the technical level of resistance furnace is equipped with temperature meter divided into the following three categories:
C-level resistance furnace should be equipped with an accuracy of 0.25 or better instruments, instrument should have the thermocouple reference junction temperature is automatically compensated.
Class B or Class A resistance furnace should be equipped with an accuracy of 0.5 or better instrument.
When otherwise specified or required time (see section 9.2), A-level resistance furnace can also be equipped with an accuracy of one meter.

The structure of industrial furnaces

Industrial furnace heating the material to physical and chemical changes in industrial heating equipment. Furnace and kiln and distinguishable, but a slightly different meaning. In the machinery industry, generally used to complete workpiece or material thermal heating, melting and heat treatment process used thermal equipment called a furnace, and for silicate industrial heating equipment called a kiln. The industrial furnaces often referred to as industrial furnaces.
With the needs of the different production processes, the structure of industrial furnaces in many forms, but in general, shall meet the following requirements:
1) heating speed, high yield per unit area.
2) furnace temperature, the atmosphere is easy to control the product quality is good.
3) in the low energy consumption, high thermal efficiency.
4) The structure is simple, low cost, long life, easy maintenance.
5) operation is simple, a higher degree of mechanization and automation, less environmental pollution, good working conditions.